Case Use

Each word in a sentence has a function, and we have to mark those functions with cases. How we mark them is dependent on how the word ends. Marking a word depending on number and case is “declining” a word. See declensions on how to do this. The nominative is easy, as it is the subject of the sentence. The Oblique is a bit more complex, but is easy when it comes down to it.

Nominative
The nominative case is used for the subject of an active or a passive verb. It is also used for the complement of a copula verb.

Oblique
The oblique case is used in place of the accusative and dative, for the direct and indirect objects.

Examples
PUE𐤋 STV̄ΔAEΔ

“The boy studies”

To find out the subject, locate the verb and ask who or what is doing it. Who studies? The boy, therefore the boy must be the subject.

PUE𐤋 PUE𐤋𐤋AM SA𐤋V̄TŌΔ

“The boy greeted the girl”

To find the object, we ask, what is receiving the greeting? In this case, the girl. We must put it in the oblique case because it is the direct object.

MATE𐤓 PUE𐤋V̄M 𐤋IB𐤓A𐤓UM ΔŌΔ

“The Mother gives books to the boy”

In this case we have two objects, one direct object, and one indirect object. Mater is the subject, she gives, gives what? Books. This makes books our direct object, which puts it in the oblique. Does someone receive the books? The boy. This makes the boy our indirect object, which also goes in the oblique.